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</table>Netfreakhttps://wiki.preterhuman.net/index.php?title=Veronica_FAQ&diff=10440&oldid=prevNetfreak: Created page with "<pre> Common Questions and Answers about veronica, a title search and retrieval system for use with the Internet Gopher. Last-modified: 1995/01/13. Mail comments and questio..."2019-07-23T20:18:47Z<p>Created page with "<pre> Common Questions and Answers about veronica, a title search and retrieval system for use with the Internet Gopher. Last-modified: 1995/01/13. Mail comments and questio..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div><pre><br />
Common Questions and Answers about veronica, a title search and retrieval<br />
system for use with the Internet Gopher.<br />
Last-modified: 1995/01/13.<br />
<br />
Mail comments and questions about the FAQ to: foster@scs.unr.edu<br />
Copyright (C) Steven Foster 1993,1994,1995. This FAQ may be freely<br />
copied and redistributed provided it is copied entire and unmodified and<br />
this copyright statement remains intact.<br />
<br />
The current version of this FAQ can be retrieved through gopher at<br />
gopher://veronica.scs.unr.edu/00/veronica/veronica-faq<br />
--------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Questions in the veronica FAQ:<br />
<br />
Q1: What is veronica?<br />
Q2: How many information servers are included in the index?<br />
Q3: How many information items are in the index?<br />
Q4: Which types of information resources are included?<br />
Q5: Which gopher servers are not included in veronica?<br />
Q6: How can I connect to veronica?<br />
Q7: How do I know where a particular information item is located?<br />
Q8: How can I get my server into the veronica database?<br />
Q9: How can I keep my server out of the veronica database?<br />
Q10: How can I tell veronica to index only PARTS of my gopher server?<br />
Q11: Does veronica work with Jughead?<br />
Q12: How often is the database updated?<br />
Q13: Where can I get the software to run veronica?<br />
Q14: Where can I get the veronica dataset?<br />
Q15: What does "veronica" mean?<br />
Q16: Why doesn't my server show up in veronica searches?<br />
Q17: Where are the veronica server sites?<br />
Q18: How do I contact the veronica operators?<br />
Q19: How do I compose veronica search queries and use the veronica options?<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q1: What is veronica?<br />
<br />
A1: veronica is a resource-discovery system providing access to information<br />
resources held on most ( 99% + ) of the world's gopher servers. <br />
In addition to native gopher data, veronica includes references to many <br />
resources provided by other types of information servers, such as <br />
WWW servers, usenet archives, and telnet-accessible information services. <br />
<br />
veronica queries are keyword-in-title searches. A simple query can <br />
be quite powerful because a large number of information servers are <br />
included in the index. <br />
<br />
veronica is accessed through gopher client software ( see Q6 ). A <br />
veronica user submits a query (via a gopher client) which may contain <br />
boolean keyword expressions as well as special veronica directives.<br />
The result of a veronica search is a gopher menu comprising information<br />
items whose titles contain the specified keywords. The results menu may<br />
be browsed like any other gopher menu.<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q2: How many information servers are included in the index?<br />
<br />
A2: In January 1995, 5057 gopher servers were indexed. The index also<br />
includes items from approximately 5000 other servers, in cases where <br />
those servers are referenced on gopher menus. These other servers <br />
include 3905 WWW servers and about 1000 telnet-type services . <br />
<br />
The gophers are exhaustively indexed; almost every item offered by the<br />
gopher servers is included in the index ( see Q4 for exceptions ). The<br />
contents of WWW servers are not exhaustively indexed: veronica includes <br />
HTML items only when they are referenced on the menus of some gopher server.<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q3: How many information items are included in the index?<br />
<br />
A3: Approximately 15 million items are indexed. ( November 1994 ).<br />
----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q4: Which types of information resources are included in the index?<br />
<br />
A4: All resources directly served by gopher servers are included in the<br />
index. The following types were indexed in December 1994:<br />
<br />
0 -- Text File<br />
1 -- Directory<br />
2 -- CSO name server<br />
4 -- Mac HQX file.<br />
5 -- PC binary<br />
7 -- Full Text Index (Gopher menu)<br />
8 -- Telnet Session<br />
9 -- Binary File<br />
s -- Sound<br />
e -- Event (not in 2.06)<br />
I -- Image (other than GIF)<br />
M -- MIME multipart/mixed message<br />
T -- TN3270 Session<br />
g -- GIF image<br />
h -- HTML, HyperText Markup Language<br />
:<br />
;<br />
!<br />
<br />
Certain types of data NOT served directly by gopher servers are<br />
also included in the index if the resources are referenced on menus<br />
of indexed gopher servers. These types are: telnet sessions, <br />
CSO sessions, html files served by WWW servers, and type-7 searches.<br />
These items are included in the index even though they reside on <br />
non-gopher servers.<br />
<br />
Resources provided by gateways to other types of servers are<br />
given special handling, as follows:<br />
<br />
gopher-to-ftp gateway resources: ftp gateway resources are indexed <br />
if and only if they are defined as type-1 gopher items; in other<br />
words, if they are links to DIRECTORIES in ftp servers.<br />
Individual files (gopher types 0, 9, 4, 5, 6, I, etc.) offered by <br />
ftp gateways are not included in the index. File-type ftp items <br />
were discontinued in May, 1994; at that time the number of <br />
ftp-gatewayed files was greater than five million.<br />
<br />
go4gw gateway items: gopher directory-type items represented by<br />
gateway servers running at ports 4320-4324 are included at<br />
the DIRECTORY level only ( type-1 resource ). These gateways are<br />
not "followed" by the indexing software. The gateway's title appears<br />
in the index; information items SERVED BY THE GATEWAY are not<br />
included. Go4gw gateways running at other ports may be followed<br />
inadvertently by the veronica harvester, and thus some gatewayed <br />
data of other types may be included in the index. <br />
<br />
NNTP and FINGER: heuristics are used to avoid finger services<br />
and nntp ( usenet news ) articles provided via go4gw and other <br />
gateways. Usenet news articles held as files and offered directly<br />
by gopher servers are however included in the index.<br />
<br />
----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q5: Which gopher servers are not included in the veronica index?<br />
<br />
A5: A gopher may not be in the index for several reasons:<br />
<br />
1. The gopher administrator may have requested that the server<br />
be excluded. ( see Q9 below ).<br />
<br />
2. The gopher may be relatively new. In this case the veronica index <br />
data may have been harvested before the gopher came on line. If the<br />
new gopher has been registered with Minnesota, it will be included in<br />
the next index update, provided it is accessible to the veronica <br />
harvester.<br />
<br />
3. A gopher may not be included because it was not accessible to the<br />
veronica data harvester. This may occur because of transient network<br />
outages, or because the server was not operational when the harvester<br />
tried to contact it. It may also be the case that a gopher server<br />
restricts access to outside domains and thus is not indexable.<br />
<br />
4. A gopher server will not be indexed if it is running at an IP<br />
port numbered below 1024, except of course for port 70. This <br />
exclusion is necessary because the harvester needs to avoid all<br />
sorts of peculiar information services which run at registered low<br />
ports.<br />
<br />
----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q6: How can I connect to veronica?<br />
<br />
A6: veronica is accessed through any gopher client. The client<br />
may be one of the gopher-specific clients (TurboGopher, <br />
Unix curses gopher, WSGopher, etc.) or a multiprotocol browser such <br />
as Mosaic, NetScape, Chameleon, etc.<br />
<br />
Use the client to find a veronica-access menu on a gopher server menu.<br />
Most gopher servers will have a menu named something like "Search<br />
GopherSpace using veronica". The client may have a "starting points"<br />
list including veronica. If your local gopher server does not<br />
have a veronica access menu, point your gopher client to the <br />
veronica HOME MENU at:<br />
<br />
gopher://veronica.scs.unr.edu:70/11/veronica<br />
<br />
An alternative veronica access menu is at the Mother Gopher:<br />
gopher://gopher.tc.umn.edu:70/11/Other Gopher and Information Servers/Veronica<br />
<br />
The veronica home menu contains several types of items. There<br />
is this FAQ, and a short document "How to Compose veronica Queries".<br />
There is a submenu containing advice for gopher server administrators,<br />
statistics about gopherspace, access to veronica software, and<br />
HTML versions of several documents.<br />
<br />
More importantly, a number of veronica servers will be listed.<br />
This home menu is automatically reconfigured every ten minutes, so<br />
only the currently-active veronica servers will be displayed. You<br />
may choose to submit a search to any of these publicly-accessible<br />
servers, or you can submit your query to the "simplified veronica<br />
search" option which also appears on the menu. The "simplified"<br />
search is a gateway which contacts all the veronica servers for you,<br />
saving you the chore of trying servers until you find one which <br />
accepts your search. Sometimes all the servers are busy; in that<br />
case, resubmit your search in a minute or so.<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q7: How do I know where an information resource is located?<br />
<br />
A7: Most gopher clients offer a "get information" command or an<br />
"item descriptor" menu choice. For instance, TurboGopher uses<br />
"command i"; the unix curses client uses an equal sign "="; <br />
WSGopher has the "File/info on item" option, and Mosaic has the <br />
"Options/Show Current URL" option.<br />
<br />
Various degrees of information may be available. For items served<br />
by gopher-0 servers, you will be able to determine the domain name<br />
and hostname of the server, which may be of some use. Gopher+ servers<br />
may offer Institution Name attributes, contact person names, or abstracts<br />
with further meta-data about the resource.<br />
<br />
Advanced clients may automatically retrieve the Gopher+ item descriptor<br />
meta-information, and display it for each item as the pointer is<br />
moved across the veronica results menu.<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q8: How can I get my server into the veronica database?<br />
<br />
A8: The veronica harvester software will find your gopher server IF it is<br />
registered with the Mother Gopher at Minnesota, OR IF it is <br />
referenced on the menu of another gopher server which is registered<br />
at Minnesota. Of course, the veronica harvester will not be able to <br />
access your server if you have restricted access to your local site.<br />
<br />
veronica does not currently have the ability to add new gophers to<br />
the index immediately when they come online. New servers will be<br />
included only at the next general update. <br />
<br />
If your server has been omitted, send mail to veronica@scs.unr.edu<br />
<br />
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q9: How can I keep my server OUT of the veronica database?<br />
<br />
A9: There are two ways:<br />
<br />
1. If you run the Unix gopher+ server from U. of Minnesota, you may <br />
include the line "veronicaindex: no" in the gopherd.conf file.<br />
The veronica harvester will completely exclude your server from<br />
the index.<br />
<br />
2. You can use the special veronica control file protocol. THIS IS<br />
THE RECOMMENDED WAY TO CONTROL VERONICA'S BEHAVIOR WITH RESPECT<br />
TO YOUR GOPHER SERVER. The control files will<br />
work with gopher-level-0 servers, and can be used with any kind of<br />
gopher server on any operating system platform. In brief, the <br />
control file lets you specify a number of options for the veronica<br />
harvester. You can completely exclude the server from the index,<br />
or specify that only certain menus are to be indexed. For more<br />
information, see the home veronica menu (Q6) and look in the<br />
"More veronica" submenu (gopher://veronica.scs.unr.edu/11/veronica/About)<br />
<br />
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- <br />
Q10: How can I tell veronica to index PART of my gopher server?<br />
<br />
A10: Use the veronica-control-file protocol. THIS IS<br />
THE RECOMMENDED WAY TO CONTROL VERONICA'S BEHAVIOR WITH RESPECT<br />
TO YOUR GOPHER SERVER. The control files will<br />
work with gopher-level-0 servers, and can be used with any kind of<br />
gopher server on any operating system platform. In brief, the <br />
control file lets you specify a number of options for the veronica<br />
harvester. You can completely exclude the server from the index,<br />
or specify that only certain menus are to be indexed. For more<br />
information, see the home veronica menu (Q6) and look in the<br />
"More veronica" submenu (gopher://veronica.scs.unr.edu/11/veronica/About)<br />
----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q11: Does veronica work with Jughead?<br />
<br />
A11: Jughead can supply a prepared index file to the veronica harvester.<br />
This involves setting up jughead with certain options, and configuring<br />
a veronica control file ( see Q10 ) to tell the veronica harvester<br />
how to obtain the data file from Jughead. For more information,<br />
see the Jughead distribution documents and the veronica control file<br />
documents.<br />
<br />
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q12: How often is the database updated?<br />
<br />
A12: Approximately once per month.<br />
--------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q13: Where can I get the software to run veronica?<br />
<br />
A13: The veronica server software can be obtained<br />
by anonymous ftp from futique.scs.unr.edu or veronica.scs.unr.edu<br />
The veronica server code is in the directory "veronica-code".<br />
<br />
The current version ( Dec 94 ) of the veronica server is 0.6.5f<br />
It runs on most flavors of unix boxes, requires a perl interpreter<br />
and ndbm, and about 2 GB for the dataset. (data of Jan 18, 1995)<br />
<br />
--------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q14: Where can I get the veronica data set?<br />
<br />
A14: You can anonymous-ftp the full veronica dataset from <br />
futique.scs.unr.edu, in the "veronica-data" subdirectory.<br />
<br />
This data has been processed to eliminate redundant references,<br />
to avoid loops in the gopher network, and to remove most data<br />
that is known to be highly transient.<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q15: What does "veronica" mean?<br />
<br />
A15: very easy rodent-oriented net-wide index to computerized archives.<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q16: Why doesn't my server show up in veronica searches?<br />
<br />
A16: See Q5.<br />
<br />
------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q17: Where are the veronica server sites?<br />
<br />
A17: There are currently ( January 13, 1995 ) ten publicly-accessible <br />
veronica servers. All of them can be accessed via the <br />
veronica Gopher menu at veronica.scs.unr.edu. If that menu<br />
is unavailable, consult the Mother Gopher for a veronica access<br />
menu. See Q6.<br />
<br />
The ten public veronica servers are provided by:<br />
<br />
Nevada System Computing Services<br />
University of Pisa<br />
University of Koeln<br />
University of Bergen<br />
University of Texas, Dallas<br />
University of Manitoba<br />
NYSERNET<br />
PSI, Inc.<br />
SUNET<br />
Tachyon Communications<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q18: How do I contact the veronica developers and providers?<br />
<br />
A18: Send mail to "veronica@scs.unr.edu".<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Q19: How do I compose veronica search queries, and use various options?<br />
<br />
A19: The simplest veronica search is just a single word, followed by<br />
a RETURN. <br />
<br />
The following (better) answer is from the document "How to Compose<br />
veronica Queries".<br />
<br />
<br />
HOW TO COMPOSE VERONICA QUERIES - June 23, 1994: Steven Foster <br />
This document is an introduction to using veronica. 278 lines.<br />
gopher://veronica.scs.unr.edu:70/00/veronica/how-to-query-veronica<br />
<br />
veronica: very easy rodent-oriented net-wide index of computerized archives.<br />
<br />
Contents:<br />
<br />
Introduction.<br />
Types of Searches.<br />
Multiple Servers.<br />
Pre-defined Search Types.<br />
Entering a Query.<br />
Default Maximum Items.<br />
Query Logic, Boolean Searching, and Wildcards.<br />
Finding Resources of a Certain Gopher "Type".<br />
Summary of Options.<br />
Examples.<br />
<br />
INTRODUCTION<br />
veronica is an index and retrieval system which can locate items on <br />
most of the gopher servers in the Internet. The veronica index contains<br />
about 10 million items from approximately 5500 gopher servers (June 1994).<br />
<br />
veronica finds resources by searching for WORDS in TITLES. It does not do a<br />
full-text search of the contents of the resources; it finds resources <br />
whose titles contain your specified search word(s). The "title" is the title<br />
of the resource as it appears on the menu of its HOME gopher server.<br />
<br />
veronica is used with a gopher client. You will choose "veronica" from the<br />
menu of some gopher server, and enter a set of query words or special <br />
directives. When the search is finished, the results will be presented as <br />
a normal gopher menu. You may browse the discovered resources in this menu, <br />
as you would use any other gopher menu.<br />
<br />
TYPES OF SEARCHES <br />
Most veronica-access menus offer several types of searches. In addition to<br />
these pre-defined types, you can compose veronica queries using a number of<br />
special options to focus your search more precisely. You should use these <br />
options when appropriate, as they will make it much easier to locate resources.<br />
(See sections below for PRE-DEFINED SEARCH TYPES and FINDING RESOURCES OF A<br />
CERTAIN GOPHER TYPE )<br />
<br />
MULTIPLE SERVERS<br />
Many veronica-access menus offer a list of various veronica server sites; <br />
in this case you will have to choose a server site to use. Ideally, it<br />
does not matter which server you use, as all servers will give the same <br />
answers. In practice, the servers do not all update the index at the same<br />
time, so there will be some difference in the results. Some servers will <br />
return an answer faster than others, depending on load and network traffic.<br />
<br />
Many other veronica-access menus offer a single entry rather than a list<br />
of servers. In this case, simply click on the search type desired, and <br />
submit your query in the dialog box.<br />
<br />
<br />
PRE-DEFINED SEARCH TYPES:<br />
Most access menus offer two predefined search types:<br />
<br />
> Search GopherSpace by keywords in Titles<br />
<br />
This search will find ALL TYPES of resources whose titles contain your <br />
specified search words. The resources may be of any Gopher data TYPE;<br />
e.g. ascii documents, gopher directories, image files, binary files, etc.<br />
<br />
> Search Gopher DIRECTORIES ONLY for keywords in Titles.<br />
<br />
This search will find only Gopher DIRECTORIES whose titles contain the<br />
specified words. This search can be very useful to find only major <br />
holdings of information which relate to your query. After veronica finds<br />
the gopher directories, you can open any of them to see the contents in <br />
more detail. This is especially useful to avoid being overwhelmed by <br />
too many results if you are searching with a common word such as<br />
"women" or "internet"!<br />
<br />
You can define your own query, specifying only certain TYPES of gopher<br />
resources, by using the -t option. For instance, you could search for ONLY<br />
image files by including the phrase "-tI" in your query. See below<br />
for more about the -t option.<br />
<br />
ENTERING A QUERY<br />
When you select a query type, your gopher client will present a dialog<br />
box. Enter your query words. The search is NOT case-sensitive. <br />
<br />
You may get better results by entering a multi-word query rather than a single<br />
word. Multiple word queries will find only those items whose titles contain <br />
ALL of the specified words. For instance, "women" will find 5223 items; but <br />
"league women voters" will find 126 items. Be as specific as you can.<br />
<br />
It also helps to be imaginative. Think about how gophers are organized; <br />
the information you want may not be found under "league of women voters", <br />
but under the more general heading of "politics".<br />
<br />
A multiple-word query does not require that the words be adjacent in the<br />
title, nor that they appear in any particular order. So, "marx brothers" <br />
will locate the same items as "brothers marx".<br />
<br />
There is more information on composing queries below.<br />
<br />
DEFAULT MAXIMUM ITEMS and the "-m" option.<br />
By default, the veronica servers will deliver only the first 200 items which<br />
match your query. You can request any number of items by including the<br />
"-mX" command phrase in your query. X is the number of items you wish.<br />
If X is omitted ( "-m" ), there is no limit to the number of items delivered.<br />
For instance:<br />
<br />
"women" will provide 200 items.<br />
"women -m1000" will provide 1000 items.<br />
"women -m" will provide all available matching items.<br />
<br />
You may find a message at the end of your veronica results menu, like<br />
"*** There are 576 more items matching your query". If you are not <br />
satisfied with the 200 items you got, you can resubmit the query, requesting <br />
more items with "-m".<br />
<br />
Note that some veronica servers will provide more than 200 items by default.<br />
<br />
<br />
QUERY LOGIC, BOOLEAN SEARCHING, and WILDCARDS.<br />
The search understands the logical operators AND, NOT, OR, (, and ).<br />
<br />
If you use a simple multiple-word query, it is the same as using AND between<br />
the words. For instance "acid rain" is the same query as "rain and acid".<br />
"League women voters" is the same as "league and women and voters".<br />
<br />
As noted above, we recommend using AND to create a tightly-focused query.<br />
<br />
We recommend that the word "OR" be used VERY RARELY. Usually, OR will<br />
just produce thousands of hit-or-miss results. OR is best used in conjunction<br />
with other operators, as "rice and (fried or curr*) ".<br />
<br />
An asterisk ("*") at the TRAILING END of a query word will match anything.<br />
Use it as a limited form of wildcard search. The asterisk character may<br />
be used ONLY at the end of words; the search will fail if a "*" is placed<br />
within a word or at the beginning of a word.<br />
<br />
Search words must be at least two characters long. Shorter words will be<br />
ignored.<br />
<br />
Interpretation of the query starts from the right-hand, interpreting operators<br />
as encountered. If in doubt about order of interpretation, USE PARENTHESES!<br />
The veronica server at University of Koeln ( june94 ) interprets the query<br />
logic from left-to-right.<br />
<br />
FINDING RESOURCES OF A CERTAIN GOPHER "TYPE": the "-t" flag.<br />
You can use veronica to find resources of (only) a specified gopher type.<br />
You specify the type(s) of interest by adding the "-tX" option phrase to<br />
your query.<br />
<br />
The -t flag may appear anywhere in the search specification. For example:<br />
<br />
"women -t1" <br />
"-t1 women" <br />
Either of these search phrases will find resources with the word "women" in<br />
the title. All the resources will be gopher DIRECTORY items ( type 1 ).<br />
<br />
There must NOT be any spaces between the -t and the type specifier.<br />
<br />
You may specify MORE THAN ONE type in the query. DO NOT use separate -t<br />
options to do this; simply put all the types together (with no spaces) <br />
after the -t. For example:<br />
<br />
"-tgs mac" returns a menu of GIF images or SOUNDS with the word<br />
"mac" in titles.<br />
<br />
Official gopher types, from the Gopher Protocol Document, are:<br />
<br />
0 -- Text File<br />
1 -- Directory<br />
2 -- CSO name server<br />
4 -- Mac HQX file.<br />
5 -- PC binary<br />
7 -- Full Text Index (Gopher menu)<br />
8 -- Telnet Session<br />
9 -- Binary File<br />
s -- Sound<br />
e -- Event (not in 2.06)<br />
I -- Image (other than GIF)<br />
M -- MIME multipart/mixed message<br />
T -- TN3270 Session<br />
c -- Calendar (not in 2.06)<br />
g -- GIF image<br />
h -- HTML, HyperText Markup Language<br />
<br />
SUMMARY OF THE OPTIONS<br />
<br />
-t limit the search to items of specified data type(s).<br />
-m specify maximum number of items to find.<br />
-l create a file of links for the discovered resources. The file<br />
will be displayed as the first item on the veronica results menu.<br />
You can then retrieve that file and include the links in menus <br />
which you may be building. Not all veronica servers support the<br />
"-l" option.<br />
<br />
Just include the options in the search query. They will work<br />
with any gopher client. You can put options before the query words,<br />
after the query words, or even between query words.<br />
<br />
DO NOT cluster more than one option behind a single hyphen; instead,<br />
use a separate hyphen for each separate option. For example: <br />
<br />
gopher -t1s -m400<br />
<br />
This example requests 400 items containing the word "gopher", and<br />
specifies that we want only items whose type is "directory" or<br />
"sound".<br />
<br />
EXAMPLES (from Fred Barrie): <br />
<br />
Simple examples:<br />
<br />
> Search on the word "internet". This will return a menu list of<br />
(at most) 200 records that have the word internet in the title field. <br />
Just type-<br />
internet<br />
<br />
> Search on the word "internet", but specify 1000 items instead of<br />
the default 200.<br />
type-<br />
internet -m1000<br />
or<br />
-m1000 internet<br />
<br />
> Search on the words "chicken" and "wine". This returns a menu <br />
list of (at most) 200 records that have _BOTH_ "chicken" and "wine". <br />
Type-<br />
chicken and wine<br />
<br />
> Search for the keywords "chicken" or "wine", specifying directories only. <br />
This returns a menu list of resources that have _EITHER_ chicken or wine,<br />
and which are GOPHER DIRECTORY entries. Type-<br />
<br />
chicken or wine -t1<br />
or<br />
-t1 chicken or wine <br />
<br />
<br />
Examples for the operator "NOT":<br />
<br />
> To use the operator "NOT" in a query:<br />
<br />
chicken not wine (will search for all titles with the <br />
word chicken _BUT NOT_ the word<br />
wine)<br />
<br />
chinese food not msg (will search for our health nuts<br />
all the titles with the words<br />
chinese _AND_ food _BUT NOT_<br />
msg. Remember there is an<br />
implied _AND_ between two words)<br />
<br />
Examples for parenthesis queries:<br />
<br />
chicken (wine or curry) -m (will list ALL titles with the<br />
words chicken _AND_ either<br />
wine _OR_ curry. -m asks<br />
for ALL records.)<br />
<br />
(chicken or wine) not (msg or growing)<br />
(will search for titles with the<br />
words chicken _OR_ wine _BUT NOT_<br />
msg _OR_ growing)<br />
<br />
Examples for word stemming:<br />
<br />
The metacharacter "*" matches anything at the TRAILING END of a <br />
search word. <br />
<br />
chicken* (will search for all titles with the<br />
word chicken, chickens, ...)<br />
<br />
chicken* or wine* (will search for all titles with the<br />
word chicken, chickens, ... _OR_ <br />
wine, wines, wineries, ...)<br />
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[[Category:Internet]]</div>Netfreak